第一部分 阅读理解 (75分)
Passage 1
Tourism wasn’t as important as it is today. In the past, only people
with a good deal of money could travel on holidays to other countries. More
people travel today than in the past because there is a growing middle class
in many parts of the world, that is to say, people now have more money for
travel. Special air plane fares for tourists make travel less expensive and
more attractive than ever before.
One person doesn’t travel for the same reason as another. But most
people enjoy seeing countries that are different from their own. They also
like to meet new people and new food.
Tourism causes many changes in a country and in people’s lives. People build new hotels and restaurants and train native men a women as
guides
to show visitors interesting places. There’re new night clubs and other
amusement.
International tourism is clearly a big business.
1. In the old days _________ could travel to other countries.
○A. boys or girls, men or women, young or old
○B. either kings or queens
○C. both the poor and the rich
○D. nobody but those who had money
2. Many more people travel today than in the past because _________.
○A. people have become more interested in traveling
○B. travelling today is easier than in the past
○C. people now have spare money for travel
○D. great changes have taken place in the world
3. What makes travel more attractive than before?
○A. Travel by air to other countries is much cheaper today.
○B. More guides are being trained to show beautiful spots.
○C. Modern telegraph lines make travel less expensive.
○D. New hotels and restaurants have been built.
4. People make journeys to many parts of the world? This is because ________.
○A. they want to make a study of geography
○B. they travel for different reasons
○C. they want to taste different kinds of food
○D. they don’t want to do anything else except that they visit friends
5. Which of the following statements is true according to the article?
○A. Tourism won’t bring any changes in people’s minds.
○B. People have some trouble in making journeys.
○C. With the development of tourism, great changes will take place in many
parts of the world.
○D. Tourism causes only some changes …… and in clothing.
Passage 2
More attention was paid to the quality of production in France at
the time of Renc Coty. Charles Deschancl was then the financial minister. He
stressed that workmanship (工作质量) and quality were more important than
quantity for industrial production. It would be necessary to produce quality
goods for international market to compete with those produced in other
countries. The French economy needed a larger share of the international market
to balance its import and export trade. French industrial and agricultural
production was still not enough to meet the immediate needs of the people, let
alone long-ranged developments. Essential imports had extended the national
credit (信用) to the breaking point. Rents were tightly controlled, but the
extreme inflation (通货膨胀) affected general population most severely through
the cost of food. Food costs took as much as 80 per cent of the workers’
income. Wages, it is true, had risen, extensive family allowances (补贴) and
benefits were paid by the state, and there was full-time and overtime
employment. Taken together, these factors enabled the working class to exist
but allowed them no sense of safety. In this precarious (不安定) and
discouraging situation, workmen were willing to work overseas for higher wages.
The government was not willing to let workers leave the country. It
was feared this migration of workers would deplete (使空虚) the labor force.
The lack of qualified workers might stop the improvement in the quality of
industrial products produced. Qualified workers employed abroad would only
increase the quantity of quality produced in foreign countries. Also the
quantity of quality goods produced in France would not be able to increase as
part of its qualified labor force moved to other countries.
6. According to the passage, the French workers were _____________.
○A. better paid than the workers in any other European country
○B. able to save more money with the increase in his wages
○C. anxious to work abroad
○D. often unable to find work in France
7. Which was not true in French?
○A. Food costs were low.
○B. Wages had increased.
○C. The state paid family allowances.
○D. There was overtime employment.
8. According to the passage, French production ___________.
○A. was inadequate to meet the needs of the French people
○B. was flooding the international market with inferior
○C. emphasized industrial production at the expense of agricultural production
○D. was enough for the local market
9. According to the passage, the French government _____________.
○A. prohibited French to work abroad
○B. reduced taxed to fight inflation
○C. paid family allowances and benefits
○D. prohibited the French workers to join labor unions
10. Which of the following is not true?
○A. Migration of workers would deplete the labor force.
○B. The lack of qualified workers might stop the improvement in the quality of
products.
○C. Qualified workers work abroad would increase the quality of products in
foreign countries.
○D. Qualified workers work abroad was good for France. Passage 3
Aristotle, the Greek philosopher, summed up the four chief qualities
of money some 2,000 years ago. It must be lasting and easy to recognize, to
divide, and to carry about.
When we think of money today, we picture it ……as round, flat
pieces of metal which we call coins, or as printed paper notes. But there are
still parts of the world today where coins and notes are of no use. They will
buy nothing, and a traveler might starve if he had none of the particular
local "money" to …… Among remote people, who are not often reached by
traders from outside, commerce usually means barter (物物交换). There is a
direct exchange of goods. Perhaps it is fish for vegetables, meat for grain, or
various kinds of food in exchange for pots, baskets, or other manufactured
goods. For this kind of simple trading, money is not needed, but there is often
something that everyone wants and everybody can use, such as salt to flavor
(给……调味) food, shells for ornaments(装饰), or iron and copper to make into
tools and pots. These things-salt, shells or metals-are till used as money in
out-of-the way parts of the world today.
Salt may rather a strange substance to use as money, but in
countries where the food of the people is mainly vegetable, it is often an
absolute necessity. Cakes of salt, stamped to show their value, were used as
money in Tibet until recent times, and cakes of salt will still buy goods in
Berneo and parts of Africa.
Cowrie sea shells have been used as money at some time or another
over the greater part of the Old World. These were collected mainly from the
beaches of the Maldive Islands in the Indian Ocean, and were traded to India
and China. In Africa, cowries were traded right across the continent from East
to West. Four or five thousand went for one Maria Theresa dollar, an Austrian
silver coin which was once accepted as money in many parts of Africa.
Metal, valued by weight, early coins in many parts of the world.
Iron, in lumps, bars or rings is still used in many countries instead of money.
It can either be exchanged for goods, or made into tools, weapons or
ornaments. The early money of China, apart from shells, was of bronze (青铜),
ten in flat, round pieces with a hole in the middle, called "cash". The
earliest of these are between three thousand and four thousand years old-older
than the earliest coins of the eastern Mediterranean.
Nowadays, coins and notes have taken place of nearly all the more
interesting forms of money, and although in one or two of the more remote countries people still hold it for future use on ceremonial (仪式的) occasions
such as weddings and funerals (葬礼), examples of early money will soon be
found only in museums.
11. In some parts of the world a traveler might starve __________.
○A. even if his money was of the local kind
○B. even if the had no coins or notes
○C. if the did not know the local rate of exchange
○D. even if he had plenty of coins and notes
12. Barter usually takes the place of money transaction where __________.
○A. there is only salt
○B. the people’s trading needs are fairly simple
○C. metal tools are used
○D. only for ceremonial purposes
13. Salt is still used as money __________.
○A. in Tibet
○B. in the Maldive Islands
○C. in several countries
○D. only for ceremonial purposes
14. Four or five thousand cowrie shells used to be __________.
○A. as valuable as a Maria Theresa dollar
○B. valued because they were easy to carry
○C. useful currency in south America
○D. useful currency in south America
15. The earliest known coins from the eastern Mediterranean _________.
○A. are as old as the earliest known Chinese coins
○B. are old than the earliest known Chinese coins
○C. are not as old as the earliest known Chinese coins
○D. were much larger than their Chinese equivalents
第二部分 完成句子 (25分)
根据短文内容完成句子，每个空格只能填一个单词。有的单词第一个字母已经给出，请将其余字母补全。
Once upon a time (not so very long ago, either!) industrial goods
were made to last forever. If you bought a car or a stove, it was a once-in-a-
life time investment. You paid good money for it, and you took good care of it.
Nowadays industry has persuaded us that products shouldn’t last a long time.
It’s cheaper to throw them away than it is to repair them. This has led
directly to the "throw away society" which is a tremendous (巨大的) waste of
the earth’s resources.
Just think of the cars that are traded daily, just because they are
out of style. Think of the expensive packaging material that is thrown away
every time a new object is bought. And we consumers (消费者) have to pay for
that material! Our industrial society has turned us into spoiled children. This
wastefulness (消费) has got into the mess we are in now. when we have no
resources left, then we’ll start to take care of what we have. But why can’t we
act before this happens? Why can’t we go back to being a society in which the
prevention (防止) of waste is a virtue (美德)?
16. Not long ago, products were made to last to _______ as you take care of
them.
17. People don’t repair many things nowadays because they spend ______ to buy a
new one.
18. The shoppers have to pay not only for the goods themselves but also for the
______ paper.
19. According to the author’s idea, we should take care of what we have when
there are ________ resources left.
20. "The mess" (in the 5th Line of 2nd Paragraph) means _________.
第三部分 阅读理解 (80分)
Passage 1
One phase of the business cycle is the expansion phase. This phase
is a two-fold one, including recovery and prosperity. During the recovery
period there is ever - growing expansion of existing facilities and new
facilities for production are created. More businesses are created and older
ones expanded. Improvements of various kinds are made. There is an ever
increasing optimism (乐观主义) about the future of economic growth. Much
capital is invested in machinery or "heavy" industry. More labor is employed.
More raw materials are required. As one part of the economy develops, other
parts are affected. For example, a great expansion in automobiles results in an
expansion of the steel, glass, and industries. Roads are required. Thus the
cement and machinery industries are stimulated. Demand for labor and materials
results in greater prosperity for workers and suppliers (供应商) of raw
materials, including farmers. This increases purchasing power and the volume of
goods bought and sold. Thus prosperity is diffused (扩散) among the various
portions of the population. This prosperity period may continue to rise and
rise without an apparent end. However a time comes when this phase reaches a
peak and stop spiraling (盘旋地移动) upwards. This is the end of the expansion
phase.
21. We may assume that in the next paragraph the writer will discuss _______.
○A. union demands
○B. the status of the farmer
○C. the higher cost of living
○D. the recession period
22. The title below that best expresses the idea of this passage is ________.
○A. The Business Cycle
○B. The Recovery Stage
○C. Attaining Prosperity
○D. The Period of Good Times
23. Prosperity in one industry _________.
○A. reflects itself in many other industries
○B. will spiral upwards
○C. will affect the steel industry
○D. will end abruptly
24. Which of the following industries will probably be a good indicator of a
period of expansion?
○A. Toys.
○B. Machine tools.
○C. Foodstuffs.
○D. Farming.
25. During the period of prosperity, people regard the future ___________.
○A. cautiously
○B. in a confident manner
○C. opportunely
○D. indifferently Passage 2
The value of money is going down. What you could buy in 1970 for
￡20, now, in 1979 costs ￡56.40. That’s inflation and nobody likes it, least
of all the Bank of England. One of the results of inflation is that people need
coins and notes of higher value. At the moment, the note of the highest value
which is generally in circulation(流通) is the ￡20 note. Now, the Bank of
England plans to introduce a new, ￡50 note. And the Bank is trying to decide
which famous English man or woman to put on the back of the new note.
Quite a problem. The Bank usually chooses safe, historical personalities. We
already have Sir Isaac Newton, the scientist, the first duck of Wellington, the
famous soldier who led the British army at Waterloo, Florence Nightingale,
founder of English nursing and - of course - Shakespeare. So far, the list of
possible choices for the ￡50 note is quite predictable (可预测的). There’s Sir
Francis Drake, to represent the achievements of English explorers in the
sixteenth century. Then we have Lord Nelson, another sailor and the man who won
the battle of Trafalgar in 1805 for England. Isambard Kingdom Brunel, the
engineer, is also on the list because of the magnificent bridges which he
built. The Bank will not forget music this time either - sir Edward Elgar, one
of our most famous composers of the nineteenth century is a possible choice. If
they choose a woman, the faminist (女权主义者) movement has two
representatives; Boadicea, Queen of the early English tribes of the first
century, who fought against the Romans, or Emily Pankhurst, who fought to get
the vote for women early in this century.
What do you think of this selection? There’s no one who was alive in the last
fifty years on it and no political leader. Why not? Why doesn’t the Bank
choose popular heroes-like the Beetles, for example? Write and tell "BBC Modern
English" who is on your list for this banknote. Imagine you have to choose
some personality to go on a banknote in your own country. Who is your choice?
26. "Inflation" in this story means _________.
○A. "rise in prices resulting from an increase in the money, credit, etc."
○B. "the rise and fall of the voice in speaking"
○C. "the process of inflating or being inflated"
○D. "an illness brought by infection"
27. Who dislike(s) inflation most?
○A. Ordinary people.
○B. Merchants.
○C. Officials.
○D. The Bank of England.
28. Why is there no-one who was alive in the last fifty years in the selection
and no political leader?
○A. Because the Bank of England does not like contemporary figures and
political leaders.
○B. Because living personalities and political leaders are not as influential
as anyone in this selection.
○C. Because the Bank of England usually chooses safe and historical
personalities.
○D. Because living personalities and political leaders are not allowed to be
put on the back of the new banknote.
29. The British army at Waterloo was fighting against _________.
○A. the Indian army
○B. the French army
○C. the Spanish army
○D. the Russian army
30. BBC Modern English is _____________.
○A. a book
○B. a TV program
○C. a TV guide
○D. a magazine for students of English as a foreign language
第四部分 概括大意 (20分)
给下面一篇文章的每一段概括大意。每一段的主题用一个或几个单词表示，空出的词已给出了第一个字母，请把其余字母补全。
31. F abundance and Price Rising
The long years of food shortage in this country have suddenly give
way to apparent abundance. Stores and shops are choked with food. Rationing (定
量供应) is virtually suspended (暂停), and overseas suppliers (供应商) have
been asked to hold back deliveries. Yet, instead of joy, there is wide-spread
uneasiness and confusion. Why do food prices keep on rising when there seems to
be so much more food about? Is the abundance only temporary, or has it come to
stay? Does it mean that we need to think less now about producing more food at
home? No one knows what to expect.
32. Rea
The recent growth of export surpluses on the world food market has
certainly been unexpectedly great, partly because a strange sequence of two
successful grain harvests in North America is now being followed by a third.
Most of Britain’s overseas suppliers of meat, too, are offering more this year
and home production has also risen.
33. E of Food Situation
But the effect of all this on the food situation in this country has
been made worse by a simultaneous rise in food prices, due chiefly to the
gradual cutting down of government support for food. The shops are overstocked
(存货过多) with food out only because there is more food available, but also
because people, frightened by high prices, are buying less of it.
34. Fa of World Prices
Moreover, the rise in domestic prices has come at a time when world
pries have begun to fall with the result that imported food, with the exception
of grain, is often cheaper than the home-produced variety. And now grain
prices, too, are falling. Consumers are beginning to ask why they should not be
enabled to benefit form this trend.
35. The Res of Farmers Fear
The significance of these developments is not lost on farmers. The
older generation have seen it all happen before. Despite the present price and
market guarantees, farmers fear they are about to be squeezed between cheap
food imports and a shrinking home market. Present production is running at 51
per cent above pre-war levels, and the government has called for an expansion
to 60 per cent by 1956; but repeated Ministerial (内阁的) advice is carrying
little weight and the expansion programme is not working very well. 第五部分 阅读理解 (120分)
Passage 1
There are striking differences between financial markets on the
Continent of Europe on the one hand, and in Britain on the other. In Britain,
the market is really the City of London. It is a free market: and it controls
most of the flow of savings to investment. On the Continent, either a few banks
or government institutions dominate the money markets. In France and Italy, for
example, government bureaucrats (官僚) direct the flow of funds to suit their
economic plans. In Germany the flow is directed by the all-powerful banks. In
Britain there is more free interplay (相互作用) of market forces and far fewer
regulations, rules and "red tape". A French banker summed it up this way : " On
the Continent you can’t do anything unless you’ve been old you can; in England
on the other hand you can do everything as long as you haven’t been told not
to."
There are many basic reasons for these differences. One is that
Continental savers (储蓄者) tend to prefer gold, cash or short-term assets.
They invest only 10% of their savings in institutions like pension funds or
insurance companies. But in Britain 50% of savings goes to them, and they, in
turn, invest directly in equity (证券) market. A far lower proportion of
savings is put in the banks in the form of liquid assets than on the Continent.
Continent governments intervene directly or through the banks to collect
saving together and transform them into medium or long-term loans for
investment. The equity market is largely by-passed. On the Continent economic
planning tends to be far more centralized (把……集中起来) than in Britain. In
Britain it is possible to influence decisions affecting the country’s economy
from within the City. It attracts a skilled and highly qualified work force. In
France, on the other hand, an intelligent young man who wants a career in
finance would probably find the civil service more attractive.
In Britain the market or more accurately, money tends to be regarded
as an end in itself. On the Continent it is regarded as a means to an end;
investment in the economy. To British eyes continental systems with the
possible exception of the Dutch seem bureaucratic (官僚主义的), slow and
inefficient. But there is one outstanding fact the City should not overlook.
Britain’s growth rates and levels investment over the last ten years have been
much lower than on the Continent. There are many reasons of this, but the City
must take part of the blame. If it is accepted that the basic function of a
financial market is to supply industry and commerce with finance in order to
achieve desired rates of growth, it can be said that by concentrating on the
market for its own sake the City has tended to forget that basic function.
36. What is the best title for the passage?
○A. Reasons behind the difference.
○B. Banking and Finance: a Basic Difference in Attitudes.
○C. Monetary Policy in Britain.
○D. The European Continent and Britain.
37. What seems to be the most basic reason for this difference?
○A. The British tend to regard money as an end, whereas Continental European
consider it a means to an end.
○B. The British invest only 10% of their savings in pension funds.
○C. On the Continent you can’t do anything unless you have been told you can.
○D. Intelligent young men who want a career tend to go to civil service in the
Continent.
38. According to the passage, the Dutch way of finance and banking ________.
○A. is similar to that of the French
○B. makes no difference whatever system it follows
○C. is perhaps resembling that of the British
○D. has a low efficiency
39. The word "striking" in Line 1 means ________.
○A. beating
○B. surplus
○C. noticeable
○D. seemingly
40. In what way does the Continental system seem better?
○A. The Continent maintains a higher growth rate and levels of investment.
○B. It has less proportions of savings in the form of liquid assets.
○C. It attracts intelligent young men.
○D. It functions properly despite the fact that the British discount it. Passage 2
Insurance in respect of the property will be effected by the Society
in accordance with the Rules and the mortgage conditions with such insurance
companies as the Society
insurance companies and of the terms offered by their policies, and places
insurance with many companies who are able to provide the cover which and if so
please contact immediately the Branch Office to which you submitted your
application for loan, and so long as that company and its terms are acceptable
to the Society cover will be arranged accordingly. If you should suggest a
company and it is not one with which the Society does business you will be
informed and offered a choice of other companies. You may request a change of
insurance company at any time during the life of the mortgage. If your mortgage
is under the endowment (损赠) scheme or supported by an insurance guarantee or
if the documents of title specify the company to be used it may not be possible
to accept your choice.
The initial sum insured will be the figure shown under the
heading "Amount of Property Insurance" in the Details of Loan. This figure is
the amount recommended by the Society’s valuer (估价者), as his estimate of the
replacement cost of the building at the date of valuation, unless some other
amount has been agreed in writing between you and the Society. No guarantee is
given or implied that the amount of insurance will cover complete loss.
You are reminded that the market value of your property bears no
relationship to the cost of replacement. The amount for which property is
insured therefore represent not less than the cost, at the time of repair or
replacement, of rebuilding all the property covered in the same materials,
form, style and condition as when it is new. It should also include any
architects, surveyors and legal fees which may be payable, and any costs which
may be incurred in complying with the requirements of the Local authority and
in removing debris (碎片), etc. The term "property" includes domestic
outbuilding, garages, walls, landlords’ fixtures (固定装置) and furniture, etc.
But excludes the value of the land.
The market value of house is therefore likely to be less than the
cost of rebuilding, especially if the property is elderly (年久的). Even if the
property is recently built, the work involved in reinstatement (复原) will be
more expensive than the building cost which can be achieved by a builder
building on an estate basis.
41. The passage appears to be from __________.
○A. an advertisement
○B. an information booklet
○C. a newspaper article
○D. a formal speech
42. The tone of this passage could best be described as ___________.
○A. academic
○B. formal
○C. light-hearted
○D. subjective
43. According to the passage if the customer suggests an insurance company
________.
○A. it is impossible to change that company later on
○B. the Building Society will provide a list of alternative companies
○C. the Building Society will not accept responsibility for the policy
○D. the Building Society may not be able to agree to that company
44. The passage states that when you insure your property _________.
○A. you should not take the land value into account
○B. you should use the market value as a guide
○C. you should take the advice of your Local Authority
○D. garages and garden sheds are not usually included
45. The passage implies that rebuilding a property costs more than its market
value __________.
○A. only if the property is old
○B. particularly if the property is new
○C. whatever the age of the property
○D. because of rising building costs
